Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "14 th Five-Year Plan" for the development of big data industry (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"). In order to understand the contents of the Plan and do a good job in its implementation, the relevant issues are now interpreted as follows.
1. Background and significance of the promulgation of the Plan?
At present, data has become an important factor of production. As a strategic emerging industry focusing on data generation, collection, storage, processing, analysis and service, big data industry is a key support to activate the potential of data elements and an important engine to accelerate the quality change, efficiency change and power change of economic and social development. Faced with the unprecedented changes in the world in the past century and the opportunity period of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, countries all over the world have introduced big data strategies, opened a new track for the innovation and development of big data industry, and concentrated on the multiple values of data elements to seize the commanding heights of the development of big data industry.
The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the development of big data industry and promoted the implementation of the national big data strategy. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has made many important instructions on promoting the strategic deployment of big data and digital economy and developing the big data industry. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, together with relevant ministries and commissions, has established an inter-ministerial joint conference system on big data for development, continuously improved the policy system, made great efforts to build a big data product and service system, actively promoted the integration and application of big data in various fields, and fostered the development of big data industry gathering highlands. After five years of hard work, China’s big data industry has risen rapidly and gradually developed into an advantageous industry supporting economic and social development. The "family background" of data resources has become more solid, the basic capabilities of data collection, transmission and storage have been significantly improved, and big data products and services have been widely popularized, especially in epidemic prevention and control and resumption of production. It has played the role of "Depth Charge" and "main force".
The "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for China’s industrial economy to move towards a digital economy, which puts forward new requirements for the development of big data industry. The 14th Five-Year Plan for People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of Long-term Goals in 2035 (hereinafter referred to as the "14th Five-Year Plan") has made clear arrangements for cultivating and expanding emerging digital industries such as big data around "building new advantages of digital economy". In order to thoroughly implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, gather the consensus of all parties, keenly seize the historical opportunity of the development of digital economy, and better promote the high-quality development of big data industry, the "14 th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Big Data Industry" is specially formulated as an action program for the development of big data industry in the next five years.
2. What is the overall consideration of the Plan?
Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, the Plan fully implements the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Plenary Sessions of the 19th Congress, fully implements the new development concept based on the new development stage, builds a new development pattern, coordinates problem orientation and goal orientation, coordinates short-term goals and medium-and long-term goals, coordinates overall planning and key deployment, and focuses on outstanding problems and obvious shortcomings. Fully stimulate the value potential of data elements, lay a solid foundation for industrial development, build a stable and efficient industrial chain, make overall plans for development and safety, cultivate an independent, controllable and open industrial ecology, create new advantages for the development of digital economy, and provide strong support for building a manufacturing power, a network power and a digital China.
The first is to release the value of data elements. Data is an important factor of production in the new era and a national basic strategic resource. The big data industry provides a full chain of big data technologies, tools and platforms, and deeply participates in the whole life cycle activities of data elements, which is the key support to activate the potential of data elements. The Plan adheres to the concept of data elements, takes the value of data elements as the guide, promotes the measurement, exchange and distribution of data elements, accelerates the transformation of characteristics and advantages of big data, such as large capacity, multiple types, high speed, accurate accuracy and high value, supports the cultivation of data elements market, stimulates the potential of all links in the industrial chain, leads the industrial chain and innovation chain with value chain, and promotes the high-quality development of the industry.
The second is to become stronger, better and bigger. Industrial base is the basic condition of industrial formation and development, and industrial chain is the foundation and key of industrial development. It is not only the inevitable requirement of industrial development during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period, but also the necessary condition to support high-quality industrial development. The "Planning" adheres to the goal of laying a solid foundation, promoting advantages, supplementing shortcomings, and paying equal attention to strong and weak items. Focusing on the goal of upgrading the industrial base, it adheres to standards first, breaks through core technologies, and moderately plans ahead to build new infrastructure such as communication infrastructure, computing infrastructure and integrated infrastructure to build a solid foundation for industrial development. Focusing on the goal of industrial chain modernization, focusing on industrial digitalization and digital industrialization, we will make concerted efforts and promote the system in all aspects of data generation, collection, storage, processing, analysis, service, security and application, and lay a solid foundation for industrial chain modernization.
The third is to promote the sound development of industrial ecology. To achieve high-quality development of any industry, it is inseparable from high-quality enterprise subjects, comprehensive public services and solid security. After five years of cultivation, the development ecology of big data industry’s synergy and mutual promotion has taken shape, but there is still a certain gap from supporting high-quality development. The Plan adheres to goal-oriented and problem-oriented, cultivates and strengthens enterprise entities, optimizes big data public services, promotes industrial cluster development, improves data security guarantee system, promotes the development of data security industry, and provides all-round support for high-quality industrial development.
3. What are the main contents and key points of the Plan?
On the basis of continuing the definition and connotation of big data industry in the 13th Five-Year Plan, the Plan further emphasizes the value of data elements. The Plan is generally divided into five chapters, and the specific content can be summarized as "three sixes", namely, six key tasks, six special actions and six safeguard measures.
Among them, six key tasks include: First, accelerate the cultivation of the data factor market. Focusing on the whole process of measuring, exchanging and distributing the value of data elements, we will focus on building a data value system, improving the rules of factor market, enhancing the role of data element allocation, and promoting the market-oriented allocation of data elements. The second is to give full play to the advantages of big data characteristics. Focusing on the key links in the whole life cycle of data, we will speed up the aggregation of "gross data", strengthen the "diversified" processing of data, promote the "timeliness" flow of data, strengthen the "high-quality" governance of data, promote the "high-value" transformation of data, turn the characteristic advantages of big data into an important driving force for the high-quality development of the industry, and stimulate the potential of all links in the industrial chain. The third is to lay a solid foundation for industrial development. Appropriately deploy new infrastructure such as communication, computing power and integration in advance, enhance the ability of technical research and market cultivation, give play to the leading role of standards, and build a solid foundation for industrial development. The fourth is to build a stable and efficient industrial chain. Focusing on all aspects of the industrial chain, we will strengthen the research and development of data life-cycle products, innovate service models and formats, deepen the application of big data in industrial fields, promote the deep integration of big data with various industries, promote the coordinated development of product chains, service chains and value chains, and continuously improve industrial supply capacity and industry empowerment effect. The fifth is to create a prosperous and orderly industrial ecology. Give play to the role of leading enterprises as the cradle of innovation for small and medium-sized enterprises, promote the development of large and medium-sized enterprises, improve the level of big data public services such as collaborative research and development, achievement transformation, evaluation and consultation, supply and demand docking, business incubation and talent training, and accelerate the development of industrial clusters.Create an industrial ecology in which resources, subjects and regions cooperate. The sixth is to build a defense line for data security. Adhere to both security and development, strengthen data security management, increase the protection of important data and cross-border data security, improve the ability of data security risk prevention and disposal, enlarge and strengthen the data security industry, and strengthen the research and development and application of data security products.
The main highlights of the Plan can be summarized as "three innovations": First, adapting to the new situation. During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China entered a critical period of striding forward from an industrial economy to a digital economy. The digital transformation of the economy and society became the general trend, data rose to a new factor of production, and the release of the value of data elements became an important proposition throughout the Plan. The second is to clarify the new direction. Based on the promotion of the big data industry from the cultivation period to the high-quality development period, on the basis of the industrial scale of 1 trillion yuan proposed in the 13 th Five-Year Plan, the growth target of "by the end of 2025, the calculated scale of the big data industry will exceed 3 trillion yuan" will be put forward, as well as new targets in the value system of data elements and the construction of a modern big data industry system. The third is to propose a new path. In order to promote the high-quality development of big data industry, the Planning puts forward the path design of "taking releasing the value of data elements as the guide, taking making the industry bigger and stronger as the core, and strengthening industrial support as the guarantee", adding new contents such as cultivating the data element market and giving full play to the advantages of big data characteristics, taking "new infrastructure", technological innovation and standard guidance as the focus of improving the industrial basic ability, and taking product chain, service chain and value chain as the main components of industrial chain construction to realize digital.
4. What measures does the Plan take to accelerate the cultivation of the data factor market?
It has become a global consensus that data is an important factor of production in the new era and a national basic strategic resource. China attaches great importance to the cultivation of data factor market. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee put forward that data should be used as a factor of production to participate in distribution. The Opinions on Building a More Perfect System and Mechanism for Market-oriented Allocation of Factors and the Action Plan for Building a High-standard Market System clearly put forward "accelerating the cultivation of the data factor market". The Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan of the State makes strategic arrangements for improving the property rights of data elements, establishing basic systems and standards related to data resource property rights, and cultivating data trading platforms and market players. Guangdong, Jiangsu and other places have actively explored the cultivation of data factor market, and Shenzhen, Tianjin, Guizhou and other places have made beneficial progress in data legislation, confirmation and trading.
As a strategic emerging industry focusing on data generation, collection, storage, processing, analysis and service, big data industry provides full-chain technologies, tools and platforms, breeds market participants of data elements, and deeply participates in life-cycle activities of data elements, which is the key support for activating the potential of data elements and the important content of data element market cultivation. Promoting the construction of China’s data factor market not only puts forward higher requirements for improving the basic capacity of big data industry and the modernization level of industrial chain, but also brings broader and richer value space for the development of big data industry.
In order to give full play to the key supporting role of the big data industry in accelerating the cultivation of the data factor market, the Plan focuses on the following tasks around the whole process of measuring, exchanging and distributing the value of data elements: First, establish a data value system, formulate a guide for evaluating the value of data elements, and carry out evaluation pilots to lay a value foundation for data elements to enter the market circulation. The second is to improve the factor market rules, develop market operation systems such as data asset evaluation and transaction matching, encourage enterprises to participate in the construction of data trading platforms, innovate data trading models, and establish and improve mechanisms such as risk prevention and disposal and emergency allocation. The third is to enhance the role of factor allocation, speed up the transformation of data into factors, cultivate new models such as data-driven production, integration and collaborative innovation, promote the transformation of factors into data, and promote the rational allocation of data-driven traditional factors of production.
5. What is the consideration of "giving full play to the advantages of big data characteristics" in the Plan?
Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, together with relevant departments, has achieved remarkable results in promoting the development of China’s big data industry. The market scale has risen rapidly, the industrial base strength has been enhanced, the industrial chain has taken initial shape, the ecosystem has been continuously optimized, and the breadth and depth of the application value chain have been continuously expanded. But at the same time, there are still bottlenecks in the big data industry, such as prominent data barriers and serious fragmentation problems. The big data thinking of the whole society has not yet formed, and the "5V" characteristics of big data with large capacity, many types, fast speed, accurate accuracy and high value have not been fully released.
In order to better guide and support the development of big data industry, it is necessary to fundamentally follow the natural characteristics and development laws of big data, encourage the research and development of technical tools that release the "5V" characteristics, explore the mode path that conforms to the "5V" characteristics, break the blocking difficulties that restrict the development of the "5V" characteristics, and realize the high-value transformation of data with high-level industrial supply. After research and demonstration, promoting the "5V" characteristics of big data needs to be closely integrated with the core links of industrial development, such as convergence, processing, flow, governance and application, and the development level and ability to adapt to the "5V" characteristics should be improved in multiple dimensions. For example, for "massive" data, the infrastructure of data collection and convergence should be deployed in advance; for "diversified" data processing, the technology and application of big data should be continuously innovated; for protecting the "timeliness" value of data, the channels of high-speed data flow and real-time sharing should be unblocked; for ensuring the "high-quality" data to be available and easy to use, the data management ability should be improved; for promoting the "high-value" data transformation, attention should be paid to guiding the development of new data-driven applications and new models.
Based on the above considerations, the Plan proposes to give full play to the advantages of big data characteristics, adhere to the unity of the "5V" characteristics of big data and the high-quality development of the industry, and focus on promoting the coordinated development of "large volume" convergence, "diversity" processing, "timeliness" flow, "high quality" governance and "high value" transformation through the two-way guidance of "technology application and system improvement"
6. What measures does the Plan take to build a stable and efficient big data industry chain?
The profound adjustment of the international pattern has brought uncertain risks to the stable development of China’s big data industry chain, but it also breeds new opportunities. We must stand at the height of national strategic security, enlarge and strengthen the advantageous areas, focus on weak links to make up for shortcomings, prevent and resolve possible challenges, and ensure the safety, stability and efficiency of the big data industry chain.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, together with relevant departments, made great progress in promoting the development of the big data industry. A system of big data products and services focusing on "data resources, basic hardware, general software, industry applications and security" was initially formed, and an industrial chain covering the whole cycle of data generation, storage, processing, analysis and service was initially established. Big data applications have widely penetrated into thousands of industries and there have been many successful cases, and the big data industry has gradually become. However, there are also many shortcomings in the development process, such as the lack of available, credible and manageable big data products and services in key links such as big data analysis, governance and security, and the lack of predictive and guiding deep-level applications, which cannot meet the higher-level needs of governments at all levels, social organizations and the general public.
Adhering to the principle of paying equal attention to safety and development, the Plan focuses on solving the problems of insufficient supply of key products and services, low application level and imperfect security system, and promotes the industrial chain to become better and stronger. The following contents are mainly deployed: First, build a high-end product chain, establish a big data product map, and improve the quality and level of big data products in the whole chain. The second is to innovate the high-quality service chain, accelerate the development of data services to specialization, engineering and platform, innovate big data service models and formats, develop third-party big data service industries, and cultivate high-quality big data service providers. The third is to optimize the industrial value chain, cultivate specialized scene-based big data solutions, build a multi-level industrial Internet platform system, and cultivate a new model and new format of digital transformation of data-driven manufacturing. The fourth is to extend the industry value chain, accelerate the construction of industry big data platform, create mature industry application scenarios, promote the deep integration of big data with various industries and fields, and give full play to the multiplier effect and multiplier effect of big data.
7. Next, how to promote the implementation of the Plan?
(1) Organizing publicity and training. Explain and publicize the contents of the Plan in detail for local industrial and information authorities, institutions, big data enterprises and industry application enterprises at all levels.
(2) establish a promotion mechanism. In conjunction with the relevant departments of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and senior experts inside and outside the industry, we will set up a promotion mechanism, do a good job of docking with local industrial and information authorities, establish a vertical linkage and horizontal coordination promotion mechanism, ensure the implementation of key tasks, and communicate information and experience in a timely manner.
(3) Task decomposition and implementation. Pay close attention to the formulation of a division of key tasks that can be implemented and implemented, and implement the responsibility for promotion. Encourage and guide the local competent departments of industry and information technology to put forward policies and measures suitable for the actual situation in the region in combination with regional characteristics.
(four) to carry out pilot demonstrations. We will continue to organize pilot demonstration projects for the development of big data industry and DCMM, encourage qualified localities, industries and industrial enterprises to try first around key tasks such as technological innovation, integrated application, data governance and ecological cultivation, and explore replicable and scalable implementation paths and models according to the idea of pilot, summary and promotion.
