分类： 爱上海419

　　[Car History] The brand’s flagship model CROWN was born in 1955 and has undergone more than half of its evolution. As one of the earliest imported luxury cars to enter the Chinese market, the Crown has a high degree of recognition in people’s hearts. On December 25, 2012, the 14th generation of the Crown was officially released in Japan. The newly released Crown has been further improved in all aspects. At the same time as the launch of the new Crown, we will also review the development of the Crown car series.

Notes: Since the Crown car series has 14 generations of models and is longer, this article will be divided into two chapters for everyone to introduce, the first one introduces the evolution history of the first to seventh generation models.

◆ Toyota CrownOriginAnd its birth background (early 1950s)
　　Built specifically for the business market

　　In the early 1950s, in order to better meet the growing demand for corporate vehicles in Japan, Toyota began to develop the Crown sedan for business people, preparing to replace the previous RH model. However, Toyota was not sure whether the new design of the Crown would be acceptable to the market, so it also launched a slightly more conservative design of the Master model, mainly for the taxi market. However, due to the popularity of the Crown, Toyota discontinued the Master and changed its factory to produce the Crown.

　　The RH, also known as the Super, was the fourth generation of Toyota’s first SA line-up after World War II, when the more competitive Crown replaced the RH as the mainstay in 1955.

Toyota’s first-generation Crown (1955-1962)
　　Features: Compact/with open doors

　　In January 1955, the first generation of Toyota’s self-produced Crown sedan was officially launched, and the first Crown was personally driven off the production line by President Hideji Toyota. The crown at that time had typical characteristics of the times in terms of styling design. The first generation of the crown used a ship-shaped body, the front of the car had two independent cylindrical headlights, the prominent cover was designed with prisms, the grille was designed with two layers inside and outside, and the lower bumper was also designed to be more prominent.

　　The most distinctive design on the sides of the car is the folio of the front and rear doors to make it easier for passengers to get on and off. The same design was used on Toyota’s first model, the AA. The straight line at the rear of the body extends to the rear of the car, and the luggage compartment cover is designed to be streamlined.

　　In today’s standards, Toyota’s first-generation crown is just one, its length, width and height are: 4285mm × 1679mm × 1524mm, 2530mm, and its body size is close to today’s. The curb weight of the first-generation crown is 1152kg.

　　The first generation of Toyota Crown was exported overseas, so there are both left and right rudder forms. The design of the car is very simple, the shift lever is located on the side of the steering column, and the central control part is made of metal. Except for simple instrument display and light control, there are only a few functional configurations. The front and rear seats of the first generation of Crown are all integrated headless design, which can seat up to six people.

　　In the power part, the Crown was originally equipped with a Toyota R series 4-cylinder engine with a displacement of 1.5L and a maximum of 49 horsepower. It transmitted engine power to the rear wheels at 3 speeds. In the chassis part, the structure of the first-generation Crown was an independent front suspension and a non-independent rear suspension.

　　In December 1955, Toyota introduced the Crown Deluxe Edition, which turned the left and right windshields into one piece, and upgraded the radio and warm air to standard configuration. In October 1958, the Crown ushered in the first facelift, and the changes in the new car were mainly reflected in the appearance and power. The front face was redesigned, the headlights were added with a protective cover, the grille style was more holistic, the trim strips on the side of the body were extended to the rear, the trunk cover became angular, and the area of the taillights was also increased. In terms of power, the facelift model followed the R series 1.5L engine, but the power output of the standard version was increased to 61 horsepower, and the power output of the deluxe version was increased to 63 horsepower.

　　In October 1959, Toyota first launched the equipped Crown model, which was also the first diesel sedan in Japan. It was equipped with the Toyota C series engine with a displacement of 1.5L and a maximum power of only 40 horsepower. In October 1960, the Crown ushered in a facelift again. The new car was equipped with a new 1.9L 3R engine, and the transmission part could choose 2 speeds in addition to a 3-speed manual transmission. The 1.9L power version was originally only equipped with the Crown Deluxe Edition (maximum power 96 horsepower). In April 1961, the Crown Standard Edition was also equipped with a 1.9L engine (maximum power 86 horsepower).

　　In terms of special editions, the first-generation Crown was introduced as a taxi version in March 1959, in addition to two commercial vehicle editions: and.

　　From 1957 to 1960, the first-generation Crown became the first Japanese car to be exported to the United States, but it sold only 287 units. To promote the reliability of the Crown, Toyota held long-distance endurance races from Los Angeles to New York. Unfortunately, it did not have a positive effect because the Crown withdrew from the race shortly after the start of the race.

　　The Crown was "unsuitable" in the United States, because the car was only equipped with a small 1.5L engine in the face of the characteristics of Japanese road conditions at the time (mud, low speed, unpaved). The embarrassment of insufficient power caused the Crown to be criticized in the United States. Even after being upgraded to a more powerful engine, sales still did not improve.

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The exterior design of the Beijing BJ60 shows a perfect blend of hard-edged off-road and modern technology. The front face adopts a family-style air intake grille, and the unique design language gives the vehicle a tough and powerful image. At the same time, it has a sense of style. The body lines are smooth, and the overall style presents a tough off-road temperament. It has both the comfort of urban driving. The details reflect the pursuit of quality and practicality by Beijing Automobile.

The Beijing BJ60 demonstrates a solid sense of power with its 5040mm length, 1955mm body width and 1925mm body height. The wheelbase reaches 2820mm, ensuring comfort and stability in the interior space. Its front wheelbase is 1620mm and the rear wheelbase is 1640mm, further optimizing the driving performance. The side lines of the body are smooth, and with 265/65 R18-size tires and dynamic rim design, the whole presents a perfect blend of hardcore off-road and exquisite details.

The interior design of the Beijing BJ60 shows a refined and practical style. The steering wheel wrapped in leather not only provides a good grip, but also supports manual up and down + front and rear adjustment to ensure that the driver can easily operate in different positions. The center console is equipped with a large 12.8-inch screen with clear display effect and an advanced automatic speech recognition control system, which is convenient for the driver to easily control various functions through voice.

In terms of seats, both the imitation leather material and the comfortable seat design reflect the BJ60’s emphasis on the passenger experience. The main driver’s seat provides front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, height adjustment (4 directions), leg rest adjustment and waist support (4 directions) functions, and is also equipped with heating, ventilation and massage functions for all-round comfort. The passenger seat also has multi-directional adjustment and waist support, and the driver’s seat is also equipped with a power seat memory function, which makes the details more user-friendly. The second row of seats supports backrest adjustment, while the seat reclining function provides convenience for the expansion of space in the car, which can be easily handled whether it is carrying people or cargo.

The Beijing BJ60 is powered by a 2.0T turbocharged engine capable of delivering a maximum power of 120 kilowatts and peak torque of 400 Nm, ensuring the vehicle’s dynamic performance. The engine has 163 horsepower and is paired with an 8-speed manual transmission for a smooth and efficient shift experience.

In general, the owner of Autohome is full of praise for the exterior design of the Beijing BJ60, and he especially appreciates its tall and powerful body lines and unique urban elements. The essence of the front of the car and the strength of the waist line of the body show that it is not only a means of transportation, but also a symbol of masculinity. The black appearance chosen by the owner adds stability and atmosphere, which undoubtedly meets the aesthetic needs of his age group. This design makes the BJ60 unique among many models and becomes a landscape that cannot be ignored.

Angelababy

The TV series "My True Friend" is being filmed in Shanghai, and the filmmaker exposed the live shooting yesterday. Leading stars Yang Ying Angelababy, Deng Lun, Zhu Yilong, Xu Di and a group of starring stars made a surprise appearance. The actors’ exquisite styling and international indoor sets, the chemical effect produced by the combination of idol atmosphere and realism on the scene all reflect the good intentions of the crew for the shooting, and the top quality can be glimpsed. "My True Friend" focuses on the topic of social real estate, conforms to the current consumption upgrade trend, grasps the pulse of the times, and cuts to the social pain points. Since the start of filming, it has been widely concerned by the industry. The drama is dedicated to truly reflecting the proposition of the times and the voice of the people closely related to real estate in the form of art, aiming to confirm that the film and television industry is one of the important carriers of social livelihood, highlighting its sense of social responsibility as an industry drama.

Deng Lun

Focusing on people’s livelihood and interpreting social trends, Angelababy Deng Lun and Zhu Yilong bravely pursue their dreams

The TV series "My True Friend" tells the story of "real estate agent Cainiao" Cheng Zhenzhen (Yang Ying Angelababy) and Shao Pengcheng (Deng Lun), who meet international interior designers Jing Ran (Zhu Yilong) and his mother Bai Auntie (Xu Di) during their work, and witness the warmth and warmth of people from all walks of life in the city through the sale and rental of houses, and work together to improve the living environment of Chinese residents and benefit the people in society. Yesterday, it coincided with the filming of a very important group portrait drama by the crew, and all the stars were present. In order to realize the dream of "letting every person who drifts in a big city find an ideal home", the young people led by Cheng Zhenzhen, Pengcheng and Jing Ran have made great efforts, and difficulties have followed. In real life, social problems that have repeatedly been on the cusp of public opinion trends have been encountered by them one by one, such as building materials formaldehyde exceeding standards, it is difficult to buy a house and rent a house, and real estate developers maliciously monopolize the market. This group of vibrant young people did not give up easily. The scene was the scene where they rose to the challenge to solve the problem and celebrate the initial realization of the dream.

As far as the protagonists are concerned, they have a "dream" of living and living in their hearts, a "picture" of harmony among thousands of families in their eyes, a "road" with a long way to go under their feet, and a "responsibility" of the real estate owners to benefit the people on their shoulders. This is also the positive energy that all the creators of "My True Friend" want to convey to the public. The play is not limited to the protagonists’ small feelings and loves. Each character has his own complete life story. They are like pieces of small puzzles to build this warm story related to the house and showing the various social conditions. The whole work is also joined by outstanding actors such as Tan Kai, Li Xiaofeng, Li Xinyi, Yao Anlian, and Ni Dahong, which is more flesh and blood.

Zhu Yilong

Keep the pulse of the times with art and temper the drama of the boutique industry

In order to create the industry’s top realist drama, "My True Friend" has achieved the ultimate in professionalism and attitude. According to the producer and chief producer, Jia Yiqun, before the drama started filming, the main creator had done an in-depth investigation, "From the bottom of society to the elite, we will thoroughly analyze their real estate mentality, housing mentality, and life mentality." Strive to root the script in reality with a rigorous creative attitude, so as to go beyond reality. The plot revolves around the relationship between "house", "family" and "people", covering social topics such as empty nesters, urban love, children’s education, and elite midlife crisis. It focuses on people’s lives, closely follows the pulse of the times, and awakens the truth, goodness, and beauty of human nature. It can be called a "social encyclopedia". At the same time, Shao Jian, chairperson of Love and Home Group, has been dedicated to the vigorous development of China’s real estate market for many years. His line "Take from the people and serve the people" highlights his sense of social responsibility as an entrepreneur who always focuses on people’s livelihood and insists on serving the masses. This also reflects the correct entrepreneurial values shaped by "My True Friend".

High-quality plot and a sense of social mission go hand in hand, which is one of the spiritual cores that every drama is pursuing at present. TV dramas not only have entertainment functions, but also have the responsibility to promote social progress. "My True Friend" discloses its strong plot competitiveness to the public. As a contemporary film and television work with warmth and responsibility, it also conveys to the audience the essence of people’s livelihood of "weaving families with true feelings and watching happiness with families". In addition, by looking into the protagonist’s sincere work style and life attitude, the drama emphasizes the beautiful quality of socialist new youth who are striving for progress and courageous to innovate. At the same time, it actively responds to the new era call of the country’s "better life needs". The theme selection coincides with the trend of the Chinese people to achieve consumption upgrading, and finally realizes the upgrade of people’s concepts and promotes the overall improvement of the quality of industry dramas.

It is an innovative move in the history of Chinese TV dramas to boldly integrate the sense of idolatry into realistic dramas. Produced by Shaanxi Wentou Yida Film and Television Company, the TV series "My True Friend" jointly produced by China Vision Entertainment, Vast Astrolabe Film and Television Media, and Guowen Film Industry has assembled director Zhang Silin, producer and chief producer Jia Yiqun, screenwriter Mei Yingju and other gold medal creators, and a group of dedicated and powerful actors are fully supported. It is bound to become a new benchmark for domestic industry dramas in 2019!

　　The Press Center of the Fourth Session of the 12th National People’s Congress held a press conference at 10:00 on Monday, March 14 in the Multifunction Hall of the Media Center. Yang Chuantang, Minister of Transport, Liu Xiaoming, Director of the Transportation Services Department of the Ministry of Transport, and Guo Jifu, Director of the Beijing Transportation Development Research Center, were invited to answer questions from Chinese and foreign reporters on "deepening the reform and development of taxis."

　　On March 14, the Press Center of the Fourth Session of the 12th National People’s Congress held a press conference and invited Yang Chuantang, Minister of Transport, Liu Xiaoming, Director of the Transport Services Department of the Ministry of Transport, and Guo Jifu, Director of the Beijing Transportation Development Research Center, to answer questions from Chinese and foreign reporters on "deepening the reform and development of taxis." This is Yang Chuantang’s briefing. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Xin

　　The first financial reporter:The recent rise of ride-hailing has greatly changed the way people get around, but we have also heard a lot of complaints from the taxi and private car industries. May I ask Minister Yang, have you taken into account and taken into account the interests of all parties when formulating these two documents? Is there any deeper background for formulating these two documents?

　　Yang Chuantang:Thank you for your question. The reform and development of taxis is related to the travel of the people and the overall situation of social stability. The Ministry of Transport has always attached great importance to this work. Since 2008, the Ministry of Transport has assumed the responsibility of guiding the taxi industry, and has been working hard to promote the reform of the taxi industry. It has successively issued a number of regulations and issued a number of documents. Especially in response to the new situation and new problems brought about by the rise of online car-hailing, in accordance with the overall deployment of the country’s comprehensive deepening reform, the Ministry of Transport carried out surveys and studies in July 2014, and in November 2014 officially expressed its attitude of encouraging and inclusive innovation in the development of online car-hailing.

　　In January 2015, our ministry officially established a reform working group, and together with relevant departments, we began to study the policies for deepening the reform of the taxi industry and standardizing the development of online car-hailing. We embarked on a top-level design and fully launched the reform work of the industry. We conducted special surveys in 21 different types of cities and studied the laws, regulations and management policies of taxis in the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, Singapore and other countries, as well as in Hong Kong and Taiwan. We also held more than 50 seminars, demonstrations and consultations of different scopes and levels. We widely listened to the opinions of all parties and repeatedly conducted research and demonstration.

　　The relevant departments of the central government and the State Council have also participated in the drafting and revision of the taxi reform document throughout the process. In late June 2015, the Ministry of Transport held a special symposium on deepening the reform of the taxi industry. On July 20, a demonstration meeting on deepening the reform of the taxi industry was held, and the "Guiding Opinions on Deepening Reform and Further Promoting the Healthy Development of the Taxi Industry" and "Interim Measures for the Administration of Online Booking Taxi Business Services" were formed. The exposure draft of these two documents has been open to the public for one month since October 10 last year. The reason why this opportunity was chosen for reform is to take into account the interests of the people, that is, to adhere to the people-oriented, that is, to take the passenger as the center. This is the starting point and the end point of this reform.

　　The direction of reform has two aspects: first, to improve the service level of traditional taxis and better meet the needs of the people to travel. In the 1990s, our country’s taxis experienced rapid development and played an extremely important and positive role in alleviating travel difficulties. The majority of business operators and taxi drivers have made positive contributions and become a business card of the city, which should be fully recognized. With the passage of time, there have also been many new situations and problems. In some cities, it is difficult to take a taxi, the quality of industry services is not high, and the people’s multi-level travel needs cannot be effectively met. At the same time, the problem of industry instability is sometimes more prominent. These all urgently need to reform the taxi management system and mechanism to improve and improve the service level.

　　The second is to encourage the innovation and standardized development of new business forms of online car-hailing, which is also to better meet the needs of the people. In recent years, the rise of new business forms such as online car-hailing has indeed brought new experiences to passengers, but also led to the intertwining of old and new contradictions, the collision of interests, and even caused a series of industry problems. In the process of development, outstanding problems in the safety protection of passengers and fair competition in the market need to be solved urgently. While encouraging innovation, we must seek advantages and avoid disadvantages and standardize its development. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the people’s yearning for a better life is our goal. The people’s expectations and voices for improving travel needs are the direction of our work. We must make this the focus of our work and step up the reform of the taxi industry to better serve the people’s transportation.

　　The comprehensive deepening of taxi reform this time involves a wide range of areas and the public is very concerned about it. In the process of promoting reform, we have earnestly implemented the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, taking innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing as the development concept, and taking the "Internet +" action plan as an opportunity, adhering to the reform principles of people-oriented, encouraging innovation, overall consideration, and legal norms, and have studied and formulated relevant specific content around this principle. At the same time, we also promote the idea of stock reform and market segmentation to improve transportation services by increments, especially through "taxi + Internet" to promote the improvement and improvement of traditional taxi services and achieve transformation and upgrading; through "Internet + taxi" to build a diverse and differentiated taxi service system, promote the classification management and dislocation of new and old business formats, and gradually integrate development.

　　The main content of this reform is reflected in the two documents exposure draft. For the entire taxi industry, there are mainly six aspects: First, it is necessary to clarify the positioning. Taxi is an integral part of the urban comprehensive transportation system and a supplement to urban public transportation. It provides personalized transportation services for the public. Priority should be given to the development of public transportation and the appropriate development of taxis. Second, it is necessary to establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the scale of transportation capacity, adjust the scale of transportation capacity in a timely manner, and solve the contradiction between supply and demand. Third, it is necessary to reform the management of operating rights, implement restrictions on the period of operation rights and free use, and shall not speculate and transfer without authorization. Fourth, it is necessary to build a diversified service system including cruise taxis and booking taxis to meet the travel needs of the people at different levels. Fifth, reform the system of molecular money, from the past government regulation to equal consultation between enterprises or industry associations and drivers or trade unions, and encourage and use the technology of the Internet to build a reasonable distribution mechanism for the interests of enterprises and drivers. Sixth, we must improve the price formation mechanism and give full play to the leverage role of freight rates in regulating market supply and demand.

　　In response to the management of online car-hailing, the Interim Measures mainly clarify the core content of four aspects: First, clarify the positioning of development. In accordance with the high-quality and differentiated business principles, develop online car-hailing in an orderly manner. Second, under the current legal framework, license management is implemented for online car-hailing operators, drivers and vehicles. Third, standardize the business behavior of online car-hailing. Fourth, establish a multi-departmental joint supervision mechanism to strengthen supervision during and after the event.