作者： admin

　　According to the latest data of "Analysis Report on Indoor Air Quality Problems" released by Chezhi. com, from 2010 to August 2019, consumers complained about the odor inside the car for 9,300 times. From January to August this year alone, the number of related complaints reached 1,646 times. It is predicted that the number of complaints in the whole year will reach a record high.

　　"The lack of relevant control standards in the interior environment, lack of legal basis and lack of supervision have led to increasing air quality problems in the car." Become the consensus of experts. Recently, at the "Third March 15th Automobile Consumption Forum and Symposium on Promoting the Issuance of Compulsory Standards for Indoor Pollution" sponsored by china law society Consumer Law Research Association and co-organized by Chezhi. com, participants in drafting relevant standards for indoor environment, environmental experts, legal professionals, scholars and senior experts in the automobile industry had in-depth discussions on the existing problems of indoor air quality, the reasons for the delay in the introduction of compulsory standards, and how consumers should safeguard their rights and interests.

　　The smell inside the car has become one of the hot issues of automobile quality.

　　According to a folk statistic in 2017, there are more than 4,600 models on sale in China automobile market. Combined with the faster and faster iteration speed of models, there will be more models on sale at present. According to the data released by the Ministry of Public Security, as of June this year, the number of cars in China has reached 250 million.

　　With the rapid improvement of modernization, people’s dependence on vehicles has become increasingly obvious. In addition to homes and workplaces, vehicles have become one of the main places where human beings stay. On the other hand, in order to meet consumers’ requirements for automobile comfort, manufacturers constantly improve the structural design of automobile interiors, and use more new technologies, new materials and new processes, especially the extensive application of nonmetallic materials and adhesives, which leads to the accumulation of pollutants in automobiles and harms human health. With the continuous improvement of the public’s environmental awareness and self-protection awareness, the public has higher expectations and stricter requirements for the air quality in the car, which is closely related to human health. In recent years, the environmental problems in the car have attracted much attention.

　　The reporter noted that the car quality network data shows that the odor inside the car has become one of the top ten car quality hot issues from 2010 to August this year. Zhang Yue, director of the Automotive Quality Network Research Institute, even pointed out that consumers’ concern about the interior environment will reach its peak this year, which will be followed by advocating the elimination of pollution hazards to automobile enterprises with a "death-like attitude".

　　"vehicle air pollution’s problem, a recommended standard before, but there is no mandatory standard, so what’s the problem? After consumers encounter problems, there is a basis for unresolved disputes, and the recommendation standard can not be implemented. " According to Guangsheng Song, director of the National Indoor Interior Environment and Environmental Protection Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, although some people in the industry paid attention to the indoor air quality in 2003, with the blowout development of the automobile market in previous years, the purpose of formulating the relevant standards for indoor air quality has changed from the initial prevention of shoddy automobile products to the stage of meeting consumers’ demands for the safe driving environment of automobile products.

　　"We call for and look forward to the introduction of relevant mandatory national standards as soon as possible to effectively strengthen consumer protection." Chen Jian, director of the legal and theoretical research department of the China Consumers Association, said that the right to safety is the first right of consumers. In recent years, consumers have paid more and more attention to the air quality in cars, and related consumer disputes are more prominent. It is suggested that starting from the protection of consumers’ safety rights, we should keep pace with the times to study automotive materials and formulate standard limits. In order to protect consumers’ rights, we should improve the detection methods of in-use vehicles and promote the convenience of identification. Starting from standardizing the use of materials, the filing system of environmental protection report for vehicle materials is established. It is hoped that enterprises in the industry will issue an indoor air quality test report while selling cars to protect consumers’ right to know and choose.

　　It is understood that after the implementation of the "Guide for Air Quality Assessment in Passenger Cars" (GB/T 27630-2011) issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the products launched by vehicle manufacturers have improved to some extent through the monitoring of China Consumers Association, but the effect is limited. Around 2017, consumers’ concern about the air quality inside the car peaked again, which also shows that consumers are paying more and more attention to the possible violation of their safety rights caused by this hidden danger.

　　In-vehicle environmental detection is controversial, and it is difficult for consumers to defend their rights.

　　Heshan, president of china law society Consumer Law Research Association, said that as far as automobile products are concerned, in some cases of rights protection, there is a dispute about whether they are luxury goods or consumer goods. In this case, when consumers encounter vehicle air pollution, the detection resistance becomes greater. He believes that once consumers think that their rights and interests are damaged, they should still advocate that family cars are also consumer goods and use relevant laws to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.

　　Specific to the identification and evaluation links and standards, Jian Chen frankly said that there are not many institutions with testing qualifications at present, and the testing costs are high, and some institutions do not issue testing reports to individuals, etc., which are all technical difficulties when consumers protect their rights. Another major factor affecting rights protection is how to prove the relationship between the car environment and the consumer’s illness. This requires relevant departments to carry out relevant epidemiological investigations and follow-up studies.

　　In fact, another important factor that makes it difficult for consumers to defend their rights is the lack of mandatory standards. It is understood that the Guide for Air Quality Assessment in Passenger Cars (GB/T 27630-2011) issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Sampling and Determination Method of Volatile Organic Compounds and Aldehydes and Ketones in Cars (HJT 400-2007) issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration are authoritative testing standards and methods for evaluating air quality in cars. In the former, eight detection substances, including benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, styrene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acrolein, and their limit values are specified.

　　However, the former, as a recommended standard, cannot force all enterprises to provide qualified automobile products. In 2016, the Ministry of Environmental Protection issued the "Guidelines for the Evaluation of Air Quality in Passenger Cars" (draft for comments), and proposed that the recommended standard would be upgraded to a mandatory standard, and it is planned to be implemented on January 1, 2017, making it clear that all newly-finalized sales vehicles must meet the requirements of this standard. However, after two years, the mandatory standard has repeatedly broken its promise.

　　All kinds of gaps between consumers and access to in-vehicle air quality testing have made it difficult for consumers to take legal proceedings to protect their rights. "In more than a dozen judicial cases of air quality in cars I have studied, no consumer has won the lawsuit." Jiang Suhua, a lawyer of Beijing Yingke Law Firm, bluntly said that this is not to say that consumers can’t win this kind of lawsuit, but there are too many links involved, and a slight negligence may lead to a loss of one link.

　　In addition, another difficulty in indoor air quality detection lies in the diversity of pollutant sources. Zhang Jinliang, a researcher at china environmental science Research Institute, believes that the air pollution sources in cars can be basically divided into interior decoration and decoration. According to Zhang Yue, the direct pollution sources of indoor air quality are mainly the dashboard assembly, door trim panel, carpet, ceiling, automotive wiring harness and seat assembly. In addition to the accessories installed by consumers, the pollution sources may also come from the outside of the car and the substances emitted by the car.

　　Improving the air quality inside the car requires multi-party participation.

　　Jiang Jun, the propaganda director of the C-ECAP Management Center of China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., pointed out that after testing more than 700 models on the market, the project team found that the proportion of models that can meet the relevant provisions in the Guide for Air Quality Evaluation in Passenger Cars (GB/T 27630-2011) is basically 50%, which means that half of the models still fail to meet the recommended standards, and there is still room for improvement in the overall industry level.

　　The reality is that some models with substandard air inside the car are still in circulation in the market. According to the research data of Gaode Map, taking Beijing as an example, each person spends 174 hours on commuting congestion every year. Aside from the proportion of public transport trips, it is certain that the time and the number of consumers staying in the car are increasing year by year, and the range of consumers affected by the environmental quality in the car is also expanding simultaneously.

　　So, what is the latest development of such a long-awaited mandatory standard?

　　According to Guangsheng Song, some indicators in the "Guidelines for the Evaluation of Air Quality in Passenger Cars (Draft for Comment)" are stricter, while others are relaxed. In order to improve the number of new energy vehicles, regulations on battery radiation have been added, but the timetable for upgrading to mandatory standards and implementing them is still unknown.

　　In this regard, Jiang Suhua believes that both the recommendation standard and the mandatory standard can be used as the basis for the judge’s judgment. This is not to say that the introduction of mandatory standards is not urgent, but compared with the time of introduction, from a lawyer’s point of view, it is more meaningful to modify the content of standards and involve the threshold of data.

　　For vehicle manufacturers, the unanimous view of the guests attending the meeting is that improving the air quality inside the vehicle should start from the source, which requires enterprises to respect consumers and reduce pollution sources in product definition, product design, supplier selection, manufacturing, transportation and sales. As Wu Gaohan, former deputy secretary-general of China Consumers Association, said, consumers in China have now entered the stage of developing and enjoying consumption. At this stage, consumers’ pursuit of a better life is unstoppable, and the pursuit of quality consumption is unstoppable. Health is the most important part of a better life. Without health, there is no better life, and without health, there is no quality consumption. (Legal Daily, all-media reporter Cai Yanhong)

　　Countdown to the violation of the "old scooter"

　　Some merchants use the "new national standard" and "playing cards" to fool people.

　　Electric tricycle is often called "old scooter". Recently, the news that the illegal "old scooter" will not be allowed to drive on the road or park in public places next year has attracted special attention. This incident originated from the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Illegal Electric Three-and Four-Wheelers jointly issued by various departments in 2021, which stipulated that a three-year transition period should be set for illegal electric three-and four-wheelers purchased before the promulgation of the Notice. On January 1, 2024, after the expiration of the transition period, law enforcement departments will strictly investigate and deal with relevant vehicles that violate the rules.

　　The illegal "old scooter" is forbidden to stop and enter the countdown. What changes have taken place in the market? The reporter’s unannounced visit found that the sales of electric three-and four-wheeled vehicles have been very hot recently. Take the fully encapsulated new car as an example, the price generally exceeds 10,000 yuan, and the "agency fee" of about 2,000 yuan will be added to buy a new car. The reason why these cars are expensive is that they are all "new national standard" cars, which are legal vehicles and will not be checked on the road. In this regard, some citizens are very confused. In the 12345 hotline, the number of inquiries about the purchase of electric tricycles and driving on the road has also surged recently. Can an electric tricycle be bought now? Are all the "new GB" cars really legal vehicles? On the issues of public concern, the reporter asked the traffic control department for verification.

　　On Xinhua South Road in Tongzhou District, various types of electric tricycles are for sale by the roadside.

　　There are many electric tricycles parked on Xincheng South Street in Tongzhou District, and most of them have already hung the "Jing B" number plate.

　　find

　　More and more old people use the "Jing B" number plate.

　　On the afternoon of April 11th, the reporter passed by the road around wanda plaza, Tongzhou District, just in time for the children to leave school. All kinds of electric three-and four-wheeled vehicles kept passing by, and many vehicles were very similar in appearance to motor vehicles, with notes such as "for personal use" and "picking up children" posted on the windows. Through the window, it is not difficult to find that the drivers of vehicles are mainly elderly people. The reporter also found that the location of these vehicles’ hanging number plates has changed from the factory billboards or auspicious figures in the past to the "Jing B" number plate of motorcycles today.

　　In front of a primary school, while parents were waiting for their children to leave school, the reporter interviewed a number of electric tricycle owners. Tian Laobo’s car is hung with the "Jing B" number plate. This car was recently bought by him, and it cost 16,000 yuan, and another 1,500 yuan was spent on the card. "Very expensive!" The old man frowned as he spoke. He said that in order to pick up and drop off the children, it is a once-and-for-all way to spend more money on a car that the traffic police don’t check.

　　The reporter asked how to "once and for all"? The old man explained that when buying a car, the merchant told him that the traffic control department strictly investigated the "old scooter", so that kind of car could not be sold or on the road. Now the store is not selling the old scooter, but a three-wheeled motorcycle. Whether it is charged or burned with oil, it is a motorcycle. If you buy this car, the traffic police will not check it again. "Said this car is normal, in a directory, belong to ‘ New national standard ’ , not affected by the three-year transition period, just run. "

　　Under the guidance of many parents, the reporter came to Xinhua South Road nearby, and there are many electric car shops on the west side of the road. The electric tricycles to be sold occupy the sidewalk in front of the store, which is dazzling. Many customers who are ready to buy a car are listening to the merchants’ "interpretation" of the laws and regulations on car purchase and driving.

　　Merchants said that according to the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Illegal Electric Three-and Four-Wheelers, by the end of this year, all "old scooters" can no longer be sold or on the road. The car they are selling now is licensed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, but the car type is defined as a three-wheeled motorcycle, so it is necessary to get the "Beijing B" number plate. This kind of car can be bought with confidence and is not affected by the three-year transition period. "Because the vehicle has to enter the catalogue of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, it will cost a lot of money, so the car is expensive now. You spend thousands of dollars riding an illegal car, and it is thousands of dollars after being detained by the traffic police. It is better to buy a traffic police in one step and not check it. "

　　Don’t you need to take a motor vehicle driver’s license to drive a motorcycle with "Jing B" number plate on the road? Faced with the reporter’s question, the merchant hesitated for a long time and replied that according to the current laws and regulations, only the "Beijing B" number plate is required for vehicles, and the driver is not required to hold a motor vehicle driver’s license. As for whether the traffic police will check it after the transition period expires, it has not yet been decided.

　　Chaos

　　All kinds of gimmicks make it difficult to tell the truth from the false.

　　The reporter’s visit found that in many urban areas, merchants have different interpretations of the policies and regulations of electric three-wheeled vehicles. In addition to the "new national standard" that is strongly advocated, "licensing" has become a big gimmick.

　　When visiting a number of electric car shops in West Building Materials City, Changping District, the merchants asked the reporter whether his ID card belonged to Changping District or Haidian District. The merchant explained that it is necessary to recognize the ID card to apply for the "Jing B" number plate now. The West Road of Building Materials City is at the junction of Changping District and Haidian District, but the rules for licensing in the two regions are different. If Changping District is shown on the ID card, the "Jing B" number plate can be handled directly, but if it is Haidian District, it is counted as within the six districts of the city and cannot be handled. "If you are from Haidian, we can do it for you and find a Gong Hu in the outer suburbs, but the handling fee will be more expensive, and you have to add 1,700 yuan."

　　In the past week, the reporter made unannounced visits to a number of electric car dealers in many regions. The opinions of the merchants mainly focused on the following points: First, the "old scooter" will no longer be allowed to go on the road in the future, and the "new national standard" car is a three-wheeled motorcycle, which can replace the old scooter. Second, the "new national standard" car belongs to a motor vehicle, and it needs to be on the "Beijing B" number plate, which can be handled by itself or through "licensing". Third, drivers are not required to hold motor vehicle driving licenses, which are not within the scope of strict investigation by the traffic control department and are not affected by the three-year transition period.

　　The reporter inquired about the relevant policies and found that these conclusions given by the merchants were full of doubts. While avoiding talking about many core requirements issued by the government, many laws and regulations were re-grafted out of context, and a large number of concepts were completely confused.

　　Question 1

　　Are all "old scooters" banned at the end of the year?

　　Liu Jian, deputy squadron leader of the Motor Vehicle Management Squadron of the Vehicle Administration Office, told the reporter that the term "old scooter" is a concept hyped by businesses, which generally refers to electric three-and four-wheeled vehicles. There is no iterative or mutual elimination relationship between the two. In the "Notice on Strengthening the Management of Illegal Electric Three-and Four-Wheelers", the handling methods for the sale and riding of illegal electric three-and four-wheelers have been clarified. The merchant said, "All ‘ Elderly scooter ’ It is not accurate to say that you will not be allowed to go on the road in the future. There are compliance and non-compliance among electric three-and four-wheeled vehicles. Among them, when the compliant vehicles leave the factory, they should obtain the factory qualification certificate of the whole motor vehicle, and at the same time, they should be included in the Announcement of Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products, which is also referred to as the "Announcement Catalogue" for merchants. At present, there are more than 900 models and more than 170 brands of related vehicles involved. For compliant vehicles, there is no "new national standard", and the Announcement of Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products has always existed and is constantly updated.

　　Hou Fei, chief of the Ping An Office, said that according to the requirements of the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Illegal Electric Three-and Four-Wheelers, from January 1 next year, illegal electric three-and four-wheelers will be completely banned from the road in Beijing. At this stage, for the management of these vehicles, the traffic control department mainly investigates drivers’ illegal driving behaviors such as running lights and retrograde. Now the compliant vehicles being sold by merchants are actually not unrestricted. The driving range allowed by compliant electric tricycles is outside the Sixth Ring Road in Beijing. In the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Three-wheeled Motorcycles and Disabled Wheelchairs issued in 2010, it is clearly stipulated that three-wheeled motorcycles are prohibited from driving on the roads within the Sixth Ring Road (inclusive) of this city. The so-called compliant electric four-wheeled vehicles are actually regarded as electric vehicles, and the relevant requirements refer to the relevant management measures for new energy vehicles.

　　Question 2

　　Just license the vehicle, don’t you need the driver’s license?

　　"Just now we have talked about the difference between an electric tricycle and a four-wheeled vehicle." Liu Jian said that electric tricycles belong to three-wheeled motorcycles and need to be equipped with motorcycle number plates, while electric four-wheeled vehicles need to be equipped with special number plates for new energy vehicles since they are regarded as electric vehicles.

　　"The need for a motor vehicle driver’s license has nothing to do with the transition period." Wen Wei, a policeman from the Optimization Section of the Order Department, told reporters that it is also wrong for merchants to say that they only need to be licensed without holding a motor vehicle driver’s license. As long as you are driving a motor vehicle on the road, the driver should hold the corresponding motor vehicle driver’s license. Even if you are riding an electric tricycle, driving without a motor vehicle driver’s license is also an unlicensed driving behavior.

　　Question 3

　　Why are businesses misleading consumers repeatedly prohibited?

　　In the verification of the traffic control department, the reporter found that the driving requirements for electric three-wheeled vehicles also include many aspects, such as the requirements for drivers and their age, that is, those over 18 and under 60, and those over 70 need to downgrade their motor vehicle driving licenses. The purpose of all kinds of requirements is to protect the driving safety of drivers and maintain the traffic order in this city. However, why do businesses now dare to mislead consumers with laws and regulations?

　　Under the surface, there are still many details worthy of further refinement by relevant departments. Previously, when this newspaper conducted a series of surveys on the scooter for the elderly, it was very common for businesses to sell electric three-and four-wheeled vehicles to the elderly without motor vehicle driving licenses. Compared with the process of buying a car, because the driver’s license information needs to be provided when shaking the number, the probability of the driver driving without a license after buying a car is greatly reduced. When buying an electric three-wheeled vehicle, who will supervise whether the car buyer has a driver’s license? In the process of vehicle inspection, it is not mandatory for me to be present or provide identification of the vehicle owner. From this point of view, there is still room for further improvement in many links in the whole process.

　　Tips

　　How to choose a compliant electric tricycle?

　　Recently, the people who are very concerned about the purchase and riding regulations of electric three-wheeled vehicles are parents of students. Since April 14th, many parents have reported that some kindergartens and primary schools have started to count how many children go to and from school by electric tricycle. Many parents ask, when buying an electric tricycle, how can you know whether the car you bought is compliant or not?

　　The traffic control department suggested that the Announcement of Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products is an important basis, and the brands and models of compliant vehicles can be compared with the relevant information in the official website of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. However, the reporter found that the information that can be found on the official website of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is displayed in batches, not a summary table. For example, at present, the 370th batch is being publicized. In the form, all kinds of vehicles are mixed together, and there are dozens of types such as motorcycles, wreckers and caravans. It is not convenient to find the corresponding batch and then pick out the corresponding vehicle type. Although there is a query function at the top of the form, it is necessary to provide all kinds of information such as enterprise name, product trademark, product name and product model, which is difficult for the elderly to query.

　　After further verification with the traffic control department, in addition to referring to the Announcement of Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products, there is another simple way, that is, to check the ex-factory certificate of the vehicle from the seller during the car purchase process. This certificate of conformity is like the "identity card" of a compliant vehicle, and its content corresponds to the registration information of the vehicle in the Announcement of Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products.

　　In addition to compliance with cars, people should also be "compliant". Electric tricycles belong to three-wheeled motorcycles, and motorcycles are divided into ordinary motorcycles and mopeds. To apply for ordinary motorcycle driving qualification, you need to meet the requirements of over 18 years old and under 60 years old, while to apply for moped driving qualification, you can be over 18 years old. If you are over 70 years old, you are not allowed to drive ordinary motorcycles, and you should be downgraded to moped, that is, "F".

　　It should be noted that the difference between ordinary and mopeds is not judged only by the size and weight of the vehicle. According to the standard, motorcycles with a speed of more than 50 km/h, a displacement of more than 50cc and a total rated power of motors of more than 4 kW are recognized as ordinary motorcycles. In the process of buying a car, consumers can consult the merchants for detailed vehicle parameters.

　　In addition, compliant electric four-wheeled vehicles are small and micro passenger vehicles, and the vehicle classification belongs to pure electric vehicles among new energy vehicles. The requirements for licensing, purchase and driving on the road refer to the relevant management measures for new energy vehicles.

CCTV News:The 13th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition will open in Zhuhai tomorrow (September 28th), and a number of new products, technologies, services and achievements representing the world’s advanced level in the aerospace and defense fields will be unveiled, most of which are the world’s first exhibitions and the first exhibitions in China, and the series of "land, sea, air, sky and electricity" will be fully covered. At present, China Air Show, which ranks among the top five air shows in the world, can be described as a concentrated appearance of sea and air weapons and a dense display of "the country’s heavy weapon". The reporters explored the camp in all directions and got a close look at the charm of China’s new sea, land, air and space equipment. Let’s take a look at the wonderful highlights.

At this year’s air show, the "Red Eagle" air show team will once again make a joint appearance with the "August 1st" air show team, bringing a shocking and romantic visual "feast". In flight training, the "Red Eagle" air show team took off in two formations. After meeting in the air, they completed a series of actions such as eight-fighter diamond somersault and rolling in turn in the form of eight-fighter and six-fighter formations respectively. Subsequently, six J -10 planes of the "August 1st" air show team took off, and completed the actions of six-plane triangular formation flying and two-plane hedging respectively.

At present, all the major equipment for the exhibition is ready. A large number of main battle equipment such as J -20, Yun -20, Air Police -500 and H -6K will be unveiled at the air show, and new electronic warfare aircraft J -16D and high-altitude unmanned reconnaissance aircraft No Reconnaissance -7 will be unveiled at the air show for the first time.

CCTV reporter Cui Xia:This plane should be one of the brightest stars in this air show, the J -16D fighter. 歼 -16D is a new type of electronic warfare aircraft independently developed on the platform of 歼 -16 aircraft. It has the comprehensive operational capability of detection, attack and defense, and can effectively counter the advanced air defense system in the sky composed of early warning, detection, command, communication, interception and strike.

CCTV reporter Cui Xia:This fighter is JH -7A2 fighter, which is based on the JH-7A2 aircraft independently developed by our country, and is equipped with air-to-surface missiles, laser-guided bombs, dispensers and other opposing weapons in air defense areas to further improve the ability of opposing strikes.

CCTV reporter Cui Xia:My present area is a multi-layer air defense missile weapon system, which has the ability to intercept combat aircraft, surface-to-surface missiles, air defense missiles and drones from 6 km to 18 km to 70 km. You can see that they are a set of "combination boxing", called Flying Leopard -10A, this is its command vehicle, and this is its launch vehicle.

Gao Sen, Deputy Director of the International Business Department of the Eighth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group:There is a radar on the command vehicle, so it can detect the target, then assign the target and command it, assign the target to our air defense missiles, and then intercept the target by launching air defense missiles from the chariot.

The 13th China Air Show set up the Ship Pavilion for the first time, and a number of unmanned boats independently developed by China will appear at the air show. This multifunctional unmanned combat boat is a star product, with a length of 15 meters, a width of 4.8 meters and a drainage capacity of 20 tons. The unmanned combat boat is equipped with various combat weapons, which can realize typical military applications such as sea, anti-submarine and air defense on the basis of autonomous navigation, and can also perform coastal defense warning and ocean survey.

Fan Jun, Director of the International Business Office of the 716 Institute of China Shipbuilding Group:We are equipped with a vertically launched missile to the sea, which is the biggest bright spot, and it should be said that it is rare on such a small ship. At the same time, we are also equipped with anti-submarine torpedoes, which can attack small submarines 5 to 8 kilometers underwater. At the same time, we are also equipped with close-range machine guns and small (light) missiles to deal with small targets on land and at sea.

The following article comes from drawing curtains, written by techery.

Draw the curtains

Planes and loitering, the articles are all original; Don’t write typos, pursue high quality ~

There are as many as 55 airlines in mainland China. In addition to the well-known "state-owned three giants" and "local six heroes", there are a large number of "minority" airlines. During the National Day holiday, many people will travel by air. It is necessary to know the relevant knowledge so as not to meet you at the airport but not recognize you.

If the "fleet size does not exceed 20" is taken as the "niche airline" standard, there are currently 15 passenger airlines in China that can be selected. They are:

Photo: Ruili aerial photography: draw the curtains

Ruili Airlines is a private airline invested by a real estate owner in Yunnan, and its base is in Kunming. There are 7 737-700 and 13 737-800. The painting of Ruili Airlines is very beautiful, but there is a problem with its funds, which may be acquired by state-owned companies.

Photo: Nine yuan aerial photography: draw the curtains.

At present, the fleet size of "Jiuyuan Airlines" is equivalent to that of Ruili Airlines, with 20 aircraft. But it is a cheap subsidiary of Jixiang Airlines, so you don’t have to worry too much about the funds. The painting of Jiuyuan Airlines is very distinctive. Each frame has different colors, but they are all colored dots.

Of course, this can’t hide its heart: its heart is a crowded layout of 189 seats, and all 20 are like this!

Photo: Fuzhou aerial photography: draw the curtains

Fuzhou Airlines is the one with low painting similarity in HNA Group, and it is a sad vest in HNA Group.

Fuzhou Airlines now has only 16 aircraft, but two of them are 737 MAX (and two have not been delivered), so it is greatly affected by grounding. The company is short of money, and almost all the planes are rented. Its public relations department doesn’t like the media to talk about any problems about its fleet. I don’t know why.

Photo: Urumqi aerial photography: draw the curtains

Another vest of HNA Group is Urumqi Airlines, which has developed very slowly. Now there are only 15 737-800 s and one ERJ-190 that never flies.

Photo: Chang ‘an aerial photography: draw the curtains.

Changan Airlines is also a vest of Hainan Airlines, but compared with Fuzhou and Urumqi, it is obviously more like a "family".

Changan Airlines once merged with Hainan Airlines like Daxinhua, Xinhua and Shanxi Airlines, and it didn’t "start a new stove" until recent years. Its development is not fast either. Now there are only 11 737-800 aircraft.

In addition, the fleet size of Guilin Airlines in HNA Group is also 11. The painting is similar to that of Chang ‘an, and they all adopt red and yellow colors with similar styles. Because of the space, it is no longer mapped, so you can "read the words" carefully when you meet it.

Photo: Dalian aerial photography: draw the curtains

HNA has a vest, and Air China also has a "vest". Air China now has Inner Mongolia Airlines, Dalian Airlines and Beijing Airlines, all of which are independently accounted for, but the painting is "very irresponsible to change Pakistan to Pakistan".

Dalian Airlines has a fleet size of 13, Air China has a fleet size of 8 in Inner Mongolia, and Beijing Airlines has only 4, all of which are clear Boeing 737s. If not "damn", these three are also "niche airlines".

Photo: Daxinhua aerial photography: draw curtains

Beijing Airlines, which has only four planes, is not the "smallest" passenger transport company in China, because there are only three "Grand China Airlines" under HNA, and only one "Shanxi Airlines" now. They are all wearing clothes of HNA Group, and only the word "China Xinhua Airlines" is different, so you can’t tell it unless you look carefully. In addition, there are five planes left on the fuselage.

Grand China Airlines has its own three-character code, which is regarded as an independent company; However, China Xinhua Airlines and Shanxi Airlines did not, and when counting the number of airlines, they could no longer count.

Photo: Jiangxi aerial photography: draw curtains

Many companies have "vests", and now even Xiamen Airlines has two vests. Jiangxi Airlines can be regarded as Xiamen Airlines vest in Nanchang ethically. At present, it has 10 737-800s and 2 ARJ 21-700s.

Because it is a "niche", I believe that there are not many people who have sat there. But it does have a Beijing route, and the time is quite good.

Photo: Colorful Guizhou Photography: Draw the curtains

Colorful Guizhou is an airline run by the Guizhou provincial government. It used to take a "feeder road" and now it plays "both dry and branch". This is its A320neo plane, and now there are two.

Its fleet size is now two A320neo and nine pioneering ERJ-190, which also belong to "niche airlines".

Photo: aerial photography of red soil: draw curtains

Hongtu Airlines is a private airline based in Kunming. Now it can’t hold on. It was bought by Hunan Province and will be renamed "Hunan Airlines".

After several times of prostitution, its fleet size reached 12, all of which were narrow-body aircraft of Airbus-it seems not easy to survive.

Photo: Longjiang aerial photography: draw the curtains

Compared with "red soil", the fate of Longjiang Airlines is even more embarrassing. This "China’s strongest" private airline will be auctioned in the near future. I wonder if it can maintain its operation after the auction-if there are good people, save it.

Longjiang Airlines has only 2.5 planes for a long time. After renting two planes with the help of the epidemic, it should be 4.5 now.

Finally, there is a state-run "Tianjiao Airlines", which will not be released because it has not been filmed.

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Cloud story on the wind

Original title: "What are the" minority "airlines in China? 》

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Last Friday, "Run" ushered in an "unusual catwalk". At the beginning of the program, it started with the pajamas of its members, went to the catwalk that was fashionable and eye-catching after the female guests took the stage, and then went to the dressing session to convey the fashionable ideas in the workplace, environmental protection and consumption concept, so that the program was both interesting and positive. Netizens commented: "This catwalk is really funny, fashionable and meaningful!"

The ratings refresh the double-network champion.

The popularity of program topics continues to climb.

The audience rating of CSM59 is 2.96%, which not only won the audience rating champion of all variety shows in the weekend file, but also set a new high for this year’s "Run", ranking first in the national network with 1.29%, achieving the "double-network champion". The topic popularity of the program is on the rise, with a total of 8 hot searches in Weibo, 25 platforms covering the whole network, 61 hot searches in the whole network, authoritative data such as Cat’s Eye, Gu Duo, Yunhe, Yi En, etc. TOP1, "Run" topped the Weibo Variety Hour List, and the reading volume of # Run # main topic reached 29.8 billion, among which # Sha Yi picked clothes for Cheng Xiao # topped the Weibo Hot Search TOP1. With the popularity, ratings and topic of Qi Fei, the popularity and responsibility of this national variety show are once again reflected.

Reshaping fashion concept and inheriting intangible culture　

This program takes the fashion theme as the entry point, and at the same time conveys and reshapes the fashion concept. For example, Jerry Lee’s shape is covered with sticky notes, reflecting the true state of "workplace elites" and paying attention to the physical and mental health of young people; Ryan practices "rejecting fur" and pays attention to animal protection while being fashionable; Sha Yi’s clothing modeling pays attention to the theme of "health"; Guo Qilin’s "lazy cancer" style directly hits the pain points of contemporary young people; Angelababy’s clothing is based on "scale" and conveys a kind of "altruistic spirit". These clothing styles are not so much fashion catwalks as "walking labels", each of which reminds us to stay away from the negative and be close to the beautiful.

At the same time, the program also injects traditional culture into fashion themes, making traditional culture more youthful. In the catwalk session of this program, all the non-legacy handicrafts such as Yanchuan Budui Painting, Zhuxian Town Woodblock New Year Pictures and Guilin Zhuangjin Group Fan were unveiled, showing the beautiful folk wisdom and craftsman spirit to the audience. At the same time, Guo Qilin and Crystal, the winners in this program, also used these non-legacy handicrafts as props to shoot the covers of fashion magazines, so as to help Gaotian Ethnic School in Yangshuo County set up non-legacy courses and inherit non-legacy culture. "Run" has always exported mainstream value while conveying happiness, and won praise and praise from the audience and netizens.

The next issue will usher in the music special "Run". The members of the Running Men’s Team will compete with the flying guests Ronghao Li, Charlie and Silence Wang for the sales of gold records, and the top three flying chairs in the swimming pool will attack again, and the first famous brand tearing war is about to start this season. All the wonderful contents are at 21:10 on Friday, June 26th, Japan. Lock in "Run" by Zhejiang Satellite TV’s An Muxi, and let’s run for the better!

According to Omdia’s prediction, the global market size of robot artificial intelligence chipset will reach 866 million US dollars, which will contribute to the popularization of GenAI in the robot field.

Omdia pointed out that since Google introduced the transformer RT-1 for robot applications in 2022, many companies have been vigorously promoting the wide application of GenAI in robots. In addition to Google, companies such as Meta, OpenAI and Toyota are trying out or testing various basic models in their robot applications. China service robot suppliers such as CloudMinds and OrionStar have successfully developed their own basic models, and plan to integrate these models with client software systems.

However, GenAI is a resource-intensive technology. In most industries, GenAI is usually deployed in the cloud because the model needs large-scale GPU clusters for training and reasoning. On the contrary, robots prefer local processing, because the tasks and business-critical applications they participate in usually give priority to real-time control and ultra-low delay response.

Su Lianjie, chief analyst of Omdia application intelligence, commented: "Although NVIDIA’s GPU is still the preferred artificial intelligence chipset architecture for cloud infrastructure and robots, non-GPU vendors such as Qualcomm, Intel and AMD have launched artificial intelligence system on a chip (SoC) or dedicated artificial intelligence chipsets for device-side robot applications such as machine vision, navigation and mapping, and functional safety."

Encouragingly, the wide application of GenAI has also promoted the popularity of humanoid robots. Humanoid robot is the closest robot to human form, so many robotics experts believe that its combination with humanoid GenAI will be a natural fit. In this upsurge, companies such as Agility Robotics, Boston Dynamics, Figure, Tesla, Fourier Intelligent, Tatsu and Ubisoft have launched various humanoid robots for industrial and service fields. However, the technology is still in its infancy, and it is impossible to popularize it on a large scale in the next five years. Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) and Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) are still mature application forms of GenAI.

Su Lianjie concluded: "The industry should not focus on hype, but should concentrate on consolidating the data and technical foundation. For robot suppliers, they need to expand the function of low-power GenAI in robots through various model optimization techniques, emphasize real-time control and performance, and be better at taking advantage of the integration of computing and connection. For robot users, the development of GenAI models in specific fields and strict examination of ethics, security, safety and performance will greatly promote the popularization of robots adopting GenAI. "

　　(Editor: Song Zheng HN002)