In the "fruit world", grapefruit is a member who integrates face value, aroma and delicacy, and it definitely deserves a name.
However, not everyone can enjoy the delicious and beautiful grapefruit at any time. Maybe, it will sneak attack.
# The man’s muscles dissolved after eating grapefruit for seven days # Once boarded the hot search, and it was grapefruit that caused the man’s muscles to dissolve.
▲ Image source: Sina Weibo
However, this incident is not a "single crime" of grapefruit, but its "accomplice" is a drug called atorvastatin. Medicine is still a good medicine, grapefruit is still a good grapefruit, but after forced pairing, it becomes an invisible "killer" who hurts people.
Innocent, you must want to know:
Behind the scenes:
Furan coumarins
Then, why is this proud and wonderful fruit so angry?
"Behind the scenes" is a kind of component called furan coumarin.
Most drugs are metabolized mainly through the liver, because there is an enzyme in liver cells, which can promote the transformation of many drugs and thus promote the excretion of drugs from the body.
Many drugs will be metabolized by some enzymes in the intestine and liver when they enter the body, which is also called the first-pass effect.
However, this kind of coumarin in grapefruit can just inhibit the activity of drug enzymes in the intestine and liver of human body, thus increasing the absorption of drugs, slowing down or preventing the metabolism of drugs, and increasing the dosage of drugs in disguise.
There is a saying that drinking a glass of grapefruit juice while taking one tablet is sometimes equivalent to taking 20 tablets of this medicine.
In this way, a large number of pharmaceutical ingredients accumulate in the body, causing excessive efficacy, which will aggravate adverse reactions and even cause poisoning.
However, grapefruit, honey pomelo and sweet orange belong to citrus fruits with similar taste. Do other citrus fruits also have such "lethality"?
It depends on the content of furan coumarins in fruits.
Studies have determined that the content of furanocoumarin in the juice of many citrus fruits is the highest in grapefruit, Seville orange and Israeli green grapefruit, while the content in red pomelo, honey pomelo and golden pomelo is lower.
Stay away from grapefruit during medication.
Grapefruit is mainly easy to "attack" the human body in combination with the following drugs:
1, grapefruit+antihypertensive drugs = low blood pressure out of the lower limit.
Such drugs as nifedipine and verapamil. Grapefruit can increase the blood concentration of antihypertensive drugs, which is equivalent to invisibly increasing the dosage, so that the antihypertensive function of antihypertensive drugs is exerted too violently, so that the blood pressure drops again, which can cause dizziness, palpitation, fatigue, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction or stroke in severe cases.
2, grapefruit+lipid-lowering drugs = damage to the liver and muscles.
When taking statins, such as simvastatin, atorvastatin, lovastatin and other lipid-lowering drugs, stay away from grapefruit and grapefruit juice to avoid drug accumulation in the body and increase the risk of adverse reactions such as liver injury, muscle pain and rhabdomyolysis.
This "bad package" may also cause acute renal failure. Rosuvastatin, pravastatin, pitavastatin and fluvastatin were not affected by grapefruit.
3, grapefruit+antiallergic drugs = more prone to dizziness
If grapefruit is ingested during taking Terfenadine, Cismin and other antiallergic drugs, it may cause dizziness, palpitation, arrhythmia and other symptoms.
4, grapefruit+sleeping pills = make the side effects bigger.
Grapefruit can delay the metabolism of diazepam, midazolam and other sedative sleeping pills, and prolong the action time of the drugs, which will aggravate the symptoms of dizziness and drowsiness of the users.
Many patients may have dizziness and other symptoms the next day after taking the medicine, so drivers and people working at high altitude must pay special attention.
5, grapefruit+anti-anxiety/sedative = dizziness and lethargy
Some anti-anxiety drugs, such as diazepam and midazolam, can’t be taken with grapefruit, so as not to prolong the action time of the drugs, which will cause dizziness and drowsiness.
6, grapefruit+anti-rejection drugs = induced tumor
If cyclosporine and other anti-rejection drugs are taken together with grapefruit, it can lead to the increase of blood drug concentration, increase adverse reactions, increase liver and kidney toxicity, and even lead to the risk of tumor.
7, grapefruit+birth control pills = invalid
Although grapefruit can enhance the efficacy or toxicity of many drugs, it can reduce the activity of female contraceptives taken at the same time, which leads to contraceptive failure, because grapefruit can reduce the absorption of contraceptives.
Although the above influence has a great relationship with the consumption of grapefruit and grapefruit juice, everyone has different sensitivity to grapefruit. For the sake of life and health, in short, the safest way is:
No matter what medicine you are taking, cherish your life, stay away from grapefruit, and don’t even drink grapefruit juice!
However, the drama of "love each other and kill each other" between drugs and food is far more full of twists and turns than we thought. The following contraindications for drug use should be collected quickly! It is not too late to know!
▲ Image source: @ People’s Daily
Audit expert
sun jianguo
Doctor, researcher, doctoral supervisor of China Pharmaceutical University, majoring in pharmacokinetics.
He has been a visiting scholar in the School of Pharmacy of the University of Otago in New Zealand and the School of Pharmacy of the University of Washington in the United States, and was trained by the third echelon of the "333 High-level Talents Training Project" in Jiangsu Province. He has won a second prize of national scientific and technological progress and four first prizes of provincial scientific and technological progress.
He is a reviewer of clinical pharmaceutics, Xenobiotica, Pharmaceutical Progress and other magazines. He has presided over and completed four natural science foundations of Jiangsu Province, two national natural science foundations and one national key research and development plan, presided over and participated in several sub-projects of major national scientific research projects. In recent years, he has published more than 20 papers (including 15 SCI papers) by the first author or correspondent, and granted 3 patents.
Cooperate with enterprises to obtain 5 clinical approvals of new drugs, and be responsible for completing pharmacokinetic studies to support enterprises to obtain multiple certificates of new drugs.
-Produced by the editorial department of "I wish you health" of Jiangsu Phoenix Science and Technology Publishing House-
Chief planner: Wang Yao and Dong Ling
Original title: "Never eat this fruit during taking medicine! Not only will it lose its efficacy, but it will be fatal in serious cases! 》
Read the original text